STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Alphabetics	Indicator not taught at this grade level.
Fluency	The student reads fluently.
1.2.1	Uses knowledge of conventions, text features, and sentence structure to read fluently at instructional or independent reading levels.
1.2.2	Reads expressively with appropriate pace, phrasing, intonation, and rhythm of speech with familiar text.
1.2.3	Uses knowledge of complex sentence structure to read fluently at instructional or independent reading levels.	Reading Fluency Info. Sheet
1.2.4	Uses a variety of word-recognition strategies to read fluently.
1.2.5	Adjusts reading rate to support comprehension when reading narrative, expository, technical, and persuasive texts.
Vocabulary	The student expands vocabulary.
1.3.1	pUses context clues to determine the meaning of unknown words and phrases from sentences or paragraphs.	Context Clues Definitions
1.3.4	pDetermines meaning of words through knowledge of word structure:	Prefixes, Suffixes, Root Words
	▲Prefixes: auto-, con-, fore-, multi-, sub-, up-
	▲Suffixes: -age, -al, -ize/yze, -ous, -some
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Vocabulary
1.3.5	pIdentifies and determines meaning of figurative language	Figurative Language Definitions and Examples
	▲ Similes
	▲ Metaphors
	▲ Analogies	Analogy Tips
	q      Idioms	Analogy Grapic Organizer
	q      Hyperbole
	q      Onomatopoeia
	q      Personification
	q      Connotation
	q      Denotation
Comprehension	The student reads and comprehends text across the curriculum.
1.4.1	Identifies characteristics of narrative, expository, technical, and persuasive text.	Text Type Posters
1.4.2	pUnderstands the purpose of text features (title, graphs and charts, table of contents, pictures/illustrations, boldface type, italics, glossary, index, headings, subheadings, captions, topic and summary sentences, sidebars, underlining, numbered or bulleted lists) and uses such features to locate information and gain meaning from text.	Text Feature Definitions
		Evaluating Text Features
1.4.5	pUses information from the text to make inferences and draw conclusions.	Drawing Conclusions
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Comprehension		Question Stems for Reading Assessments
1.4.6	pAnalyzes how text structure supports comprehension of the text	QAR Question Stems
	q      Sequence
	q      Problem/solution
	q      Comparison/contrast	Sequence Poster
	q      Description	Problem/Solution Poster
	q      Cause/effect	Compare/Contrast Poster
		Description Poster
1.4.7	pCompares and contrasts information in one or more appropriate-level texts:	Cause/Effect Poster
	q      Topics, Ideas, Concepts	Teaching Text Structure
	q      Characters' traits and motives	Text Structure Cards
	q      Themes	Teaching Text Structure
	q      Problem/solution
	q      Cause/effect relationships
	q      Procedures
	q      Viewpoints
1.4.8	pExplains cause and effect relationships in narrative, expository, technical and persuasive texts.
1.4.9	p Uses paraphrasing and organizational skills to summarize information (e.g., stated and implied main ideas, main events, important details) from appropriate-level narrative, expository, persuasive, and technical texts in logical order.
1.4.10	pIdentifies topic, main idea, supporting details, theme in text across the content areas and from a variety of sources.
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Comprehension
1.4.11	pIdentifies the author's purpose (to persuade, to entertain, to inform, to instruct) and basic techniques (including literary devices) the author uses to achieve that purpose. (See also 2.1.5)
	“Foreshadowing
	“Flashback
	“Irony
1.4.14	pIdentifies or describes evidence that supports conclusions in persuasive text.	Persuasive Techniques
1.4.15	pDistinguishes between fact and opinion and recognizes propaganda (advertising, media) and bias.
Literary Elements	The student uses literary concepts to interpret and respond to text.
2.1.1	p Characters: Describes different aspects of major and minor characters (physical traits, personality traits, feelings, actions, motives) and explains how those aspects influence characters' interactions with other characters and elements of plot, including resolution of the major conflict.	Character Graphic Organizers
2.1.2	p Setting: Identifies and describes the setting (environment, time of day or year, historical period, situation, place) and explains the importance of the setting to the literary text.	Setting Graphic Organizer
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Literary Elements 2.1.3	p Plot: Identifies major and minor events related to the conflict in a story and explains how one event gives rise to another.	Plot Mountain Graphic Organizer
	pProblem or conflict	Literature Resources Website
	pClimax	Literacy Matters Website
	pResolution	Books by Theme for MS & HS website
		Themes and Literature Circles Website
2.1.4	Theme: Identifies theme (moral, lesson, meaning, message, author's ideas about the subject) and supports with implied or explicit information from the text.	Planning a Themed Unit
		Literary Devices Graphic Organizers
2.1.5	Literary Devices: Identifies literary devices. (See also 1.4.11)
	“Foreshadowing	Literature Resources Website
	“Flashback
	“Irony
Literary Significance	The student understands the significance of literature and its contributions to various cultures.	Booklist Links
		6-12 Booklist Link
2.2.1	Recognizes ways that literature from different cultures presents similar themes differently across genres.
2.2.2	Compares and contrasts customs and ideas within literature representing a variety of cultures.
2.2.3	Recognizes connections between cultures and experiences through a variety of texts.
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Narrative Writing		Narrative Writing Rubric
1.1.1	Understands and develops a main idea (plot, setting, characters) by writing to a prompt.
		Writing Prompts: Descriptive, Narrative, Expository, and Persuasive
1.1.2	Uses (1) personal experience (2) observations (3) prior knowledge in written text.
		Six Trait Websites
1.1.3	Clarifies the main idea by selecting relevant details that enrich the central theme or storyline.
1.1.4	Analyzes and understands implications of plagiarism. (e.g. ethical, legal)
1.1.5	Understands and independently uses appropriate strategies to generate narrative text. (e.g. brainstorming, listing, webbing, working in pairs or in cooperative groups and identifying information from print sources)	Write It Scholastic Website
1.1.6	Writes a piece with an inviting introduction, appropriate body, and satisfying conclusion that leaves the reader with a sense of resolution.	Essay / Paragraph Organizer
1.1.7	Selects transitions to connect ideas within paragraphs in the writing piece.
1.1.8	Writes to convey tone and personality to engage the reader.
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Narrative Writing
1.1.9	Practices selecting words that are suitable and precise, which create appropriate imagery. (e.g. explicit nouns, vivid verbs, natural modifiers)
1.1.10	Practices using vocabulary that is appropriate and provides ease of understanding.
1.1.11	Varies sentence structures and lengths. (e.g. simple, compound)
1.1.12	Develops sentence beginnings that build upon previous sentences.
1.1.3	Recognizes complete sentences and sentence fragments.
1.1.14	Uses dialogue so that it sounds conversational and natural.
1.1.16	Demonstrates correct use of mechanics and simple punctuation. (e.g. periods, question marks, exclamation marks, and commas)
1.1.17	Uses correct grammar and usage for clarity.
1.1.18	Spells familiar and most unfamiliar words correctly and uses available resources. (e.g. dictionary, spell check)
1.1.19	Uses correct paragraph divisions to reinforce the organizational structure of the text.
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Expository Writing		Expository Rubric
		Expository Graphic Organizers
1.2.1	Develops a main idea in response to a prompt.
1.2.2	Clarifies the main idea by selecting logical details that are accurate and helpful.
1.2.3	Practices writing using (1) personal experience (2) observations (3) prior knowledge (4) research to provide information using an appropriate point of view for the piece (e.g. 1st person pronouns in research).
1.2.4	Expresses information in own words and uses evidence and examples.
1.2.5	Analyzes and understands implications of plagiarism. (e.g. ethical, legal)
1.2.6	Cites references for all information used or reproduced from any source.
1.2.7	Constructs a bibliography with author, title, publisher, year, Web site name and address, and copyright date.
1.2.8	Understands and independently uses appropriate strategies to generate expository text. (e.g. brainstorming, listing, webbing, working in pairs or in cooperative groups and identifying information from print sources)
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Expository Writing
1.2.9	Writes a complete piece that contains an introduction, a appropriate body, and conclusion.
1.2.10	Arranges information within each paragraph in logical order. (typically 4-6 sentences)
1.2.11	Uses transitions to connect ideas within paragraphs.
1.2.12	Writes to convey tone and personality to inform the reader.
1.2.13	Practices selecting words that are suitable and precise that create appropriate imagery. (e.g. vivid verbs, explicit nouns, natural modifiers)
1.2.14	Practices specialized vocabulary that is appropriate for expository writing and provides for ease of understanding.
1.2.15	Varies sentence structures and lengths (e.g. simple and compound) and makes the reading pleasant and natural.
1.2.16	Develops sentence beginnings that build upon previous sentences.
1.2.17	Recognizes complete sentences and sentence fragments
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Expository Writing
1.2.19	Demonstrates correct use of mechanics and simple punctuation. (e.g. periods, question marks, exclamation marks, and commas)
1.2.20	Uses correct grammar for clarity.
1.2.21	Spells familiar and most unfamiliar words correctly and uses available resources. (e.g. dictionary, spell check)
1.2.22	Uses correct paragraph divisions to reinforce the organizational structure of the text.
Technical Writing		Technical Writing Rubric
1.3.1	Develops a main idea in response to a prompt.
1.3.2	Clarifies the main idea by selecting concise, logical details that are accurate and helpful.
1.3.3	Analyzes and understands implications of plagiarism. (e.g. ethical, legal)
1.3.4	Cites references for all information used or reproduced from any source.
1.3.5	Constructs a bibliography with author, title, publisher, year, Web site name and address, and copyright date.
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Technical Writing
1.3.6	Understands and independently uses appropriate strategies to generate technical text. (e.g. brainstorming, listing, webbing, working in pairs or in cooperative groups, and identifying information from print sources)
1.3.7	Arranges information within each paragraph or list in logical order.
1.3.8	Writes a piece with useful introduction, a relevant or sequential body, and an effective conclusion.
1.3.9	Uses transitions to connect important points within the piece. (e.g. enumerated list, bullets, headings, subheadings, simple outlining elements)
1.3.10	Writes with an awareness of purpose and audience. (e.g. letters, simple reports, directions, graphics, brochures, electronic presentations, newsletters)
1.3.11	Writes with authority so the voice is not distracting.
1.3.12	Selects words that convey the writer's message plainly and precisely. (e.g. technical terms)
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Technical Writing
1.3.14	Selects words appropriate for the intended task/format. (e.g. persuasive, if persuading; informational, if informing, etc.)
1.3.15	Writes compact sentences or phrases that make the point clear.
1.3.16	Demonstrates correct use of mechanics and punctuation. (e.g. periods, question marks, exclamation marks, commas, apostrophes).
1.3.17	Spells familiar and most unfamiliar words correctly and uses available resources. (e.g. dictionary, spell check).
1.3.18	Uses graphic devices that are supportive of the text. (e.g. charts, graphs, illustrations).
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Persuasive Writing		Persuasive Writing Rubric
1.4.1	Composes a thesis statement based upon an opinion or belief.	Persuasive Graphic Organizers
1.4.2	Practices writings from (1) personal experience (2) observations (3) prior knowledge (4) research important for the reader to reach a conclusion and uses an appropriate point of view for the piece (e.g. 1st person in editorial).
1.4.3	Develops details to expand the main topic and to support the writer's position.
1.4.4	Anticipates the reader's question(s) and provides balance with a counter-argument.
1.4.5	Practices building a focused argument.
1.4.6	Analyzes and understands implications of plagiarism (e.g. ethical, legal).
1.4.7	Understands and independently uses appropriate strategies to generate persuasive text (e.g. brainstorming, listing , webbing, working in pairs or cooperative groups, identifying information from print sources.
1.4.8	Writes a complete piece that contains a clear introduction, an appropriate body, and a convincing conclusion.
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Persuasive Writing
1.4.9	Arranges information within each paragraph in logical order (typically 4-6 sentences).
1.4.10	Uses transitions to connect ideas within paragraphs.
1.4.11	Writes to convey tone and personality.
1.4.12	Uses language that is appropriate for persuasive writing and easy for the audience to understand.
1.4.13	Practices using words that are suitable, precise and create imagery (e.g. specific nouns, powerful verbs, vivid modifiers).
1.4.14	Varies sentence structures and lengths to make the reading pleasant and natural (e.g. simple, compound).
1.4.15	Develops sentence beginnings that build upon previous sentences.
1.4.16	Recognizes complete sentences and sentence fragments.
1.4.17	Writes purposeful dialogue.
1.4.18	Demonstrates correct use of mechanics and simple punctuation (e.g. periods, question marks, exclamation marks, and commas).
STATE BENCHMARK	CONCEPT/SKILL KS INDICATORS	TEACHERS RESOURCES/EXAMPLES	STUDENT ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS, ASSESSMENTS
Persuasive Writing
1.4.19	Uses correct grammar for usage and clarity.
1.4.20	Spells familiar and most unfamiliar words correctly and uses available resources (e.g. dictionary, spell check).
1.4.21	Uses correct paragraph divisions to reinforce the organizational structure of the text.